Dubawa
Ammeter kayan aiki ne da ake amfani da shi don auna halin yanzu a da'irori na AC da DC.A cikin zane-zane, alamar ammeter shine "da'irar A".Ƙimar na yanzu suna cikin "amps" ko "A" a matsayin daidaitattun raka'a.
Ana yin ammeter bisa ga aikin mai ɗaukar nauyi na yanzu a cikin filin maganadisu ta ƙarfin filin maganadisu.Akwai maganadisu na dindindin a cikin ammeter, wanda ke haifar da filin maganadisu tsakanin sandunan.Akwai nada a cikin filin maganadisu.Akwai maɓuɓɓugar gashi a kowane ƙarshen nada.Ana haɗa kowace bazara zuwa tashar ammeter.Ana haɗe igiya mai juyawa tsakanin bazara da nada.A gaban ammeter, akwai mai nuna alama.A lokacin da akwai na yanzu da ke wucewa, na yanzu yana wucewa ta filin maganadisu tare da magudanar ruwa da magudanar ruwa, kuma na yanzu yana yanke layin filin maganadisu, don haka nada yana jujjuya shi da karfin filin maganadisu, wanda ke tafiyar da igiyar juyawa. da mai nuni don karkata.Tun da girman ƙarfin filin maganadisu yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓakar halin yanzu, ana iya ganin girman halin yanzu ta hanyar karkatar da mai nuni.Ana kiran wannan magnetoelectric ammeter, wanda shine nau'in da muke amfani da shi a dakin gwaje-gwaje.A cikin ƙaramar makarantar sakandare, kewayon ammeter da ake amfani da shi gabaɗaya shine 0 ~ 0.6A da 0 ~ 3A.
ka'idar aiki
Ana yin ammeter bisa ga aikin mai ɗaukar nauyi na yanzu a cikin filin maganadisu ta ƙarfin filin maganadisu.Akwai maganadisu na dindindin a cikin ammeter, wanda ke haifar da filin maganadisu tsakanin sandunan.Akwai nada a cikin filin maganadisu.Akwai maɓuɓɓugar gashi a kowane ƙarshen nada.Ana haɗa kowace bazara zuwa tashar ammeter.Ana haɗe igiya mai juyawa tsakanin bazara da nada.A gaban ammeter, akwai mai nuna alama.Juyawa mai nuni.Tun da girman ƙarfin filin maganadisu yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓakar halin yanzu, ana iya ganin girman halin yanzu ta hanyar karkatar da mai nuni.Ana kiran wannan magnetoelectric ammeter, wanda shine nau'in da muke amfani da shi a dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Gabaɗaya, ana iya auna igiyoyin oda na microamps ko milliamps kai tsaye.Domin auna manyan igiyoyin ruwa, ammeter ya kamata ya kasance yana da madaidaiciyar resistor (wanda kuma aka sani da shunt).Ana amfani da ma'aunin ma'aunin mita na magnetoelectric.Lokacin da ƙimar juriya na shunt shine yin cikakken sikelin na yanzu wucewa, ammeter yana da cikakkiyar jujjuyawar, wato, alamar ammeter ya kai matsakaicin.Don igiyoyin amps kaɗan, ana iya saita shunts na musamman a cikin ammeter.Don igiyoyin ruwa sama da amps da yawa, ana amfani da shunt na waje.Ƙimar juriya na shunt mai girma na yanzu yana da ƙananan ƙananan.Don guje wa kurakurai da ke haifar da ƙarin juriya na gubar da juriya na tuntuɓar shunt, yakamata a sanya shunt ɗin ta zama nau'i mai tasha huɗu, wato, akwai tashoshi biyu na yanzu da tashoshi biyu na wutar lantarki.Misali, lokacin da ake amfani da shunt na waje da millivoltmeter don auna babban halin yanzu na 200A, idan daidaitaccen kewayon millivoltmeter da aka yi amfani da shi shine 45mV (ko 75mV), to ƙimar juriya na shunt shine 0.045/200=0.000225Ω (ko 0.075/200=0.000375Ω).Idan an yi amfani da zobe (ko mataki) shunt, ana iya yin ammeter mai iyaka da yawa.
Aaikace-aikace
Ana amfani da Ammeters don auna ƙimar halin yanzu a cikin da'irar AC da DC.
1. Juyawa nau'in ammeter na coil: sanye take da shunt don rage hankali, ana iya amfani dashi don DC kawai, amma kuma ana iya amfani da mai gyara ga AC.
2. Rotating iron sheet ammeter: Lokacin da aka auna halin yanzu yana gudana ta cikin madaidaiciyar nada, ana samar da filin maganadisu, kuma takardar ƙarfe mai laushi tana jujjuyawa a cikin filin maganadisu, wanda za'a iya amfani da shi don gwada AC ko DC, wanda ya fi tsayi. amma bai yi kyau ba kamar jujjuyawar coil ammeters Sensitive.
3. Thermocouple ammeter: Hakanan ana iya amfani dashi don AC ko DC, kuma akwai resistor a ciki.Lokacin da na'urar ke gudana, zafin na'urar yana tashi, resistor yana hulɗa da thermocouple, kuma ana haɗa thermocouple da mita, don haka yana samar da nau'in thermocouple Ammeter, wannan mitar kai tsaye ana amfani da ita don auna babban mita alternating current.
4. Ammeter mai zafi: Lokacin da ake amfani da shi, sai a matse ƙarshen waya biyu, wayar tana zafi, kuma tsayinta yana sa mai nuni ya juya akan sikelin.
Rabewa
Dangane da yanayin da aka auna na yanzu: DC ammeter, AC ammeter, AC da DC dual-purposemeter;
Bisa ga ka'idar aiki: magnetoelectric ammeter, electromagnetic ammeter, lantarki ammeter;
Dangane da kewayon ma'auni: milliampere, microampere, ammeter.
Jagoran zaɓi
Tsarin aunawa na ammeter da voltmeter ainihin iri ɗaya ne, amma haɗin da ke kewayen auna ya bambanta.Don haka, ya kamata a lura da waɗannan abubuwan yayin zabar da amfani da ammeters da voltmeters.
⒈ Nau'in zaɓi.Lokacin da aka auna shine DC, yakamata a zaɓi mitar DC, wato, ma'aunin ma'aunin tsarin magnetoelectric.Lokacin da aka auna AC, yakamata a kula da yanayin motsinsa da mita.Idan igiyar sine ce, za'a iya canza shi zuwa wasu dabi'u (kamar matsakaicin ƙima, matsakaicin ƙima, da sauransu) kawai ta hanyar auna ƙimar inganci, kuma ana iya amfani da kowane nau'in mita AC;idan ba sine ba ne, ya kamata ya bambanta abin da ake bukata don aunawa Don ƙimar rms, za a iya zaɓar kayan aikin magnetic ko tsarin lantarki na ferromagnetic, kuma matsakaicin darajar kayan aikin na'ura mai gyara zai iya zama. zaba.Ana amfani da kayan aikin tsarin auna ma'aunin wutar lantarki sau da yawa don ma'aunin madaidaicin halin yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki.
⒉ Zaɓin daidaito.Mafi girman daidaiton kayan aikin, mafi tsada farashin kuma mafi wahalar kiyayewa.Bugu da ƙari, idan sauran sharuɗɗan ba a daidaita su da kyau ba, na'urar da ke da matakin daidaiton ƙila ba za ta iya samun ingantaccen sakamakon auna ba.Sabili da haka, a cikin yanayin zaɓin ƙananan kayan aiki don biyan buƙatun ma'auni, kada ku zaɓi kayan aiki mai mahimmanci.Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da mita 0.1 da 0.2 a matsayin daidaitattun mita;Ana amfani da mita 0.5 da 1.0 don ma'aunin dakin gwaje-gwaje;kayan aikin da ke ƙasa da 1.5 ana amfani da su gabaɗaya don auna aikin injiniya.
Zaɓin yanki.Don ba da cikakken wasa ga matsayin daidaiton kayan aikin, kuma ya zama dole a hankali zaɓi iyakar kayan aiki gwargwadon girman ƙimar da aka auna.Idan zaɓin bai dace ba, kuskuren auna zai yi girma sosai.Gabaɗaya, nunin kayan aikin da za a auna ya fi 1/2 ~ 2/3 na matsakaicin iyakar kayan aikin, amma ba zai iya wuce iyakar iyakarsa ba.
⒋ Zaɓin juriya na ciki.Lokacin zabar mita, juriya na ciki na mita ya kamata kuma a zaba bisa ga girman ma'aunin ma'auni, in ba haka ba zai kawo babban kuskuren auna.Saboda girman juriya na ciki yana nuna ikon amfani da mita kanta, lokacin da ake auna halin yanzu, ya kamata a yi amfani da ammeter tare da mafi ƙarancin juriya na ciki;Lokacin auna ƙarfin lantarki, yakamata a yi amfani da voltmeter tare da mafi girman juriya na ciki.
Mrashin lafiya
1. Bibiyar ƙayyadaddun buƙatun littafin, kuma adanawa da amfani da shi a cikin kewayon da aka yarda da zazzabi, zafi, ƙura, girgiza, filin lantarki da sauran yanayi.
2. Na'urar da aka adana na dogon lokaci ya kamata a duba akai-akai kuma a cire danshi.
3. Kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su na dogon lokaci ya kamata su kasance a ƙarƙashin kulawar da ake bukata da kuma gyara bisa ga bukatun ma'aunin lantarki.
4. Kada ku tarwatsawa da gyara kayan aiki a yadda kuke so, in ba haka ba za a yi tasiri a hankali da daidaito.
5. Don na'urorin da aka sanya batura a cikin mita, kula da duba fitar da baturin, da kuma maye gurbin su a cikin lokaci don kauce wa ambaliya na baturi electrolyte da lalata sassa.Don mitan da ba a yi amfani da shi na dogon lokaci ba, baturin da ke cikin mita ya kamata a cire.
Abubuwan da ke buƙatar kulawa
1. Bincika abinda ke ciki kafin a fara aiki da ammeter
a.Tabbatar cewa siginar na yanzu yana da alaƙa da kyau kuma babu wani buɗaɗɗen kewaye;
b.Tabbatar cewa jerin lokaci na siginar yanzu daidai ne;
c.Tabbatar cewa wutar lantarki ta cika bukatun kuma an haɗa shi daidai;
d.Tabbatar cewa an haɗa layin sadarwa daidai;
2. Kariya don amfani da ammeter
a.Bi ƙa'idodin aiki da buƙatun wannan jagorar, kuma hana kowane aiki akan layin siginar.
b.Lokacin saita (ko gyaggyara) ammeter, tabbatar da cewa bayanan da aka saita daidai ne, don guje wa aikin rashin daidaituwa na ammeter ko bayanan gwaji mara kyau.
c.Lokacin karanta bayanan ammeter, ya kamata a aiwatar da shi daidai da hanyoyin aiki da wannan jagorar don guje wa kurakurai.
3. Jerin cire Ammeter
a.Cire haɗin ikon ammeter;
b.Gajeren kewaya layin sigina na yanzu da farko, sannan cire shi;
c.Cire igiyar wutar lantarki da layin sadarwa na ammeter;
d.Cire kayan aiki kuma kiyaye shi da kyau.
Troubleshooting
1. Laifi sabon abu
Phenomenon a: Haɗin kewayawa daidai ne, rufe maɓallin lantarki, matsar da yanki mai zamewa na rheostat mai zamiya daga matsakaicin ƙimar juriya zuwa ƙimar juriya, lambar nuni na yanzu ba ta canzawa gabaɗaya, sifili kawai (alurar ba ta motsawa). ) ko ɗan motsa yanki mai zamewa don nuna Cikakkiyar ƙimar biya (alurar tana jujjuya kai da sauri).
Phenomenon b: Haɗin da'irar daidai ne, rufe maɓallin lantarki, alamar ammeter tana jujjuyawa sosai tsakanin sifili da cikakkiyar ƙimar biya.
2. Nazari
Cikakken halin yanzu na shugaban ammeter na matakin microampere ne, kuma ana faɗaɗa kewayon ta hanyar haɗa shunt resistor a layi daya.Mafi ƙarancin halin yanzu a cikin da'irar gwaji na gabaɗaya shine milliampere, don haka idan babu irin wannan juriya na shunt, mai nunin mita zai buga cikakken son rai.
Ƙarshen biyu na shunt resistor ana haɗa su tare da ginshiƙan solder guda biyu da kuma iyakar biyu na kan mitar ta sama da ƙananan ƙwaya masu ɗaurewa a kan tasha da tasha.The fastening kwayoyi suna da sauƙin sassauta, haifar da rabuwa da shunt resistor da kuma mita kai (Akwai gazawar sabon abu a) ko mara kyau lamba (a gazawar sabon abu b).
Dalilin canjin kwatsam na adadin shugaban mita shine cewa lokacin da aka kunna kewayawa, ana sanya yanki mai zamiya na varistor a matsayi mafi girman juriya, kuma yanki mai zamewa sau da yawa ana matsawa zuwa ga rufin rufi. bututu, yana haifar da karyewar kewaye, don haka lambar nuni na yanzu shine: sifili.Sa'an nan kuma matsar da guntu mai zamewa kadan kadan, sai ya hadu da wayar juriya, kuma da'irar tana kunne da gaske, wanda ya sa lambar nunin yanzu ta canza ba zato ba tsammani zuwa cikakkiyar son zuciya.
Hanyar kawar da ita ita ce ta ƙara ƙarar goro ko kwance murfin baya na mitar, a haɗa ƙarshen biyu na shunt resistor tare da ƙarshen biyu na kan mitar, sannan a haɗa su zuwa maƙallan walda biyu.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-26-2022